Tuesday, January 31, 2017

windows 8.1 - How can I keep files from being opened in System?

I have a program (an old version of Delphi) that needs to create a temporary file whenever it is opened. Problem is, it can create that file, but it cannot overwrite it, so whenever I try to open it I have to move the file somewhere else first.


The file is created in the temp folder (userfolder\AppData\Local\Temp). I can move it anywhere, I can rename it, but I can't delete it.


So I have created a separate folder where I can move the temp file. I get one copy everytime I want to open the program, so I have been renaming these copies. But there are just too many of them now and I'd like to get rid of them.


When I try to delete one, I get a message that goes:



The action can’t be completed because the file is open in System



The funny thing is that even if I reboot the system, when I go to the separate folder I've created to contain those files and try to delete one, I still get that message.


I have tried:



  • Assigning myself ownership of the files (they originally belong to System);

  • Assigning permissions to other user accounts, including "Everyone", and making sure that all of them have permission to delete the files;

  • Removing all file attributes;

  • Rebooting, as mentioned above. I even did it multiple times;

  • Changing not only file names but also extensions;

  • Unlocker (a program that promises to solve this kind of problem, but it didn't work for me);

  • Going through the command prompt. It just says access denied.


What else can I try? How can I keep the System process from opening these files so that I can get rid of them?

How to temporary elevate aplication to administrator in standard level account (windows 7)?


How to temporary elevate aplication to administrator in standard level account (windows 7)?


If you know Linux we can elevate program into Root level, how to that in Windows 7 ?
I have "standard" level account but i want to temporary elevate program to have ability access all Windows location.


I cant do that ---when using "Run as Administrator" --- when i click that the Program will use setting and save its configuration in "Administrator" (C:\User\Administrator) directory but not in "my account" (C:\User\My Account)


Is it possible or this feature only available in Mac n Linux?


Answer



You cannot.


When you right-click, Run as Administrator, it starts that application in a separate environment and shows you the program, but things like network mappings are not carried over. This is a security measure which was implemented due to how easy it was to hack in Windows XP.


It is possible to bridge this gap, but to tell you what to do, would require us to have more information as to what you actually want to accomplish.


ubuntu - Enable Ctrl (or Alt) + arrow keys to mimic 'home' and 'end' functionality

I am a long time Mac user and I'm now using a Ubuntu machine for development, and while I'm more or less used to a lot of the keyboard shortcuts, one thing I can't get used to is using the 'Home' and 'End' keys to move around lines of text. On a Mac you use "Command + right arrow" to go to the end of a line and "Command + left arrow" to go to the beginning.


Is there a way to enable this kind of functionality in Linux?


I'm not sure if this would be considered remapping, keyboard shortcuts, or what...

Why doesn't Windows 8 prompt me "Yes" or "No" when I delete a File/Folder on the Desktop?

I had few files and folders on the Desktop. I pressed the Delete button and the file/folder got deleted.



Windows 8 didn't ask any confirmation if I want to surely delete or not. Why is that so? Can this feature be turned on?

windows 8 - Is there any method to create a hidden user account?

I want to create a hidden user account on my PC windows 8. The reason behind this is that my PC is shared with my bro, and I want to hide my user account from everyone who use my PC. When I need to log in, I just press some specific key/code. Also it is hidden from user accounts in control panel and from user in C. Is there anyone who can help me? I hope you may understand this.


Thanks in advance.

64 bit - Running Legacy command line application on Windows 7 64 bit


I'm running Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bit on my pc. I have small command line program (exe) which I used in Windows 7 32 bit, earlier. But when I run it on 64 bit OS, it gives an error message



The version of this file is not compatible with the version of Windows you're running. Check your computer system information to see whether you need x86 (32-bit) or x64 (64 bit) version of the program, and then contact software publisher.



I'm planning to install Windows 7 32 bit as a virtual machine & run this exe on it, is there any other way To run it on Windows 7 64 bit OS?


Answer



Its probably a 16 bit app - i'd give dosbox a shot, since it would be lighter than running a whole modern windows environment, and 16 bit applications are often dos.


Windows 64 should run 32 bit apps fine, they dropped 16 bit support with 64 bit builds.


hardware failure - Intermittent lockups, unable to diagnose in over a year



Here's a real doosie; I may just give my firstborn child to whomever helps me solve this problem.



In July 2008, I assembled what would be my desktop computer for graduate school. Here are the specs of the machine I built:






Soon thereafter, I ordered a new motherboard (because I was an idiot; that first motherboard supported CrossFire, not SLI), an Asus P5N-D. I was originally running Windows XP SP3.



Pretty much right into the start of the fall semester, my desktop would simply lock up after awhile. If my system was largely idling, it would be after 1-3 days. If was gaming, it often happened an hour or two into my gaming session, indicating a link to activity level. Here's where it started getting interesting.




  • I started looking at the system temps. The CPU was warmer than it should have been (~60s C), so I purchased some more efficient cooling compound a way better cooler for it. Now it hardly goes over 40 C. Intel was even kind enough to swap it out for free, just to rule it out. Lockups continued.

  • The graphics cards were also running pretty warm: about 60 C idling. Removing one of them seemed to improve stability a little bit...as in, it wouldn't lock up quite as frequently, but still always eventually locked up. But it didn't matter which card I used or removed, the lockups continued.

  • I reverted back to the original motherboard, the P5K Deluxe. Lockups continued.

  • I purchased an entirely new motherboard, eVGA's nForce 750i. Lockups continued.


  • Ran memtest86+ over and over and over, with no errors. Even RMA'd the memory. Lockups continued.

  • Replaced the PSU with a Corsair 750W PSU. Lockups continued.

  • Tried disconnecting all IDE drives (HDDs are SATA). Lockups continued.

  • Replaced both graphics cards with a single Radeon HD 4980. Average temps are now always around 50 C when idling, 60 C only when gaming. Lockups continued.

  • Throughout the whole ordeal, the system has been upgraded from Windows XP SP3 to Vista 32-bit, to Vista 64-bit, and is now at Windows 7 64-bit. Lockups have occurred at every step along the way (each OS was in place for at least a few months before the next upgrade). Edit: By "upgrade" I mean clean install each time. In addition to those reformats, I have performed many, many other reformats of the system and a reinstall of whatever OS had been previously installed in an attempt to rectify this problem, to no avail./Edit



When the system locks up, there's no blue screen, no reboot, no error message of any kind. It simply freezes in place until I hit the reset button. Very, very rarely, once Windows boots back up, the system informs me that Windows has recovered from an error, but it can never find the source aside from some piece of hardware. I've swapped out every component in this computer, and there are more fans in it than I care to count...though for the sake of completeness:





  • top 80mm case fan (out)

  • rear 80mm case fan (out)

  • rear 120mm case fan (out)

  • front 120mm case fan (in)

  • side 250mm case fan (in)

  • giant CPU fan

  • on-board motherboard fan (the eVGA board)

  • triple-fan memory setup (came with the memory)

  • PSU internal fan

  • another 120mm fan I stuck on the underside of the video card to keep hot air from collecting at the bottom of the case




I'm truly out of ideas. ANY help at all would be oh-so-very GREATLY appreciated. Thank you!


Answer



Have you tried swapping out all the cables?


Monday, January 30, 2017

file management - "Size on disk" column missing in Windows Explorer?

I decided to use the "compress this drive to save space" option on my backup drive, which simply houses a Windows Server Backup.



I learned that when viewing file properies for files on a drive using NTFS compression, the "Size on Disk" value will show the actual compressed size on disk, and it will actually be smaller than the normal file "Size" value (i.e. it's usually the other way around when the drive is not compressed).



I want to view both the Size and Size on Disk values in Windows Explorer, but after scrolling through the available custom column, I don't see "Size on Disk" anywhere.



Is there some way to see it so I don't have to view the properties of individual files? Even if there's a known add-on, that would be fine.

hard drive - Windows 8 extremely high disk usage and slow IO


Problem


After upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8 Professional, there seem to be a few disturbing problems.


When I have the Task Manager open, I sometimes notice the disk usage climbing to 50, 75, or 100 percent, even though there's scarcely any disk activity going on. When I sort the processes by disk usage, it's always the system process that's doing it, but the amount of data it's transferring seems to have no effect on the recorded disk usage.


I've seen task manager say 100% disk usage with .1 MB/s being written by the system process, and do the same with 20 MB/s being written by system. Whenever this happens, the mouse seems to work fine, in that I can still move it around without it lagging, but any sort of IO happens on a massive delay.


If I try to click things, the click only registers a few minutes later. If I try to type anything, nothing happens, then after a few seconds the entire sentence appears.


Sometimes, rather than the actual actions happening on a delay, after a few seconds I'll hear a series of beeps corresponding to every key press or click.


The problem has gotten exponentially worse today though. Previously, it occurred seemingly at random (although I thought it might have happened a little more frequently when Chrome was running) but now it starts as soon as I start my system and makes the entire computer unusable.


I was able to ignore this problem until now but it has become so obstructive to work that I need to fix this soon.


Diagnostics


Other sources I've seen have suggested checking for disk errors. I ran chkdsk, and it said that everything was fine, though I haven't run it since this latest incident.


I haven't tried booting into safe mode yet, mainly because Windows 8 boots almost too quickly to use the hotkeys, but I'll update once I do.


I know I've seen posts that suggested faulty hardware, but I would imagine that chkdsk would have found that. I've also seen a suggestion that it might be some sort of inefficient storage software, but the only thing that I have is intel RST, which I've disabled.


One interesting thing to note was that a few months ago, when this had only happened maybe once, I looked at the Windows Performance Diagnostics to find that it was reporting that nearly half of my system events were being lost. I don't know if it's relevant, but I never managed to fix it so I suppose it could be related.


Finally, I've seen numerous sources suggesting running an xperf trace, which I did a few weeks ago during a momentary instance of high disk usage and lag. I've attached it here (Sorry if you need a microsoft account to download but it's the only cloud storage I had that had 100 megs of space left).


It looks to me like it might have been caused by CrashPlan, with which I've found I've had some problems with the backup engine crashing and my not being able to kill the service. When this happens though, I don't get high disk usage every time, so it might be the disk usage that's crashing CrashPlan, not the other way around.


I'm afraid I haven't been able to get an xperf trace from the current state of the machine, as it's running too slowly for me to even open the folder where I have the .bat saved, but if I do, I'll post it.


Specs



  • HP Probook 6460b running Windows 8 Professional

  • 8 GB DDR3

  • Intel HD graphics

  • 2.4 ghz dual core processor (i5)

  • HDD: 300 GB, not sure about the transfer rate


Please help me out if you know anything as I desperately need this laptop for school, which, incidentally, is the same reason I can't just reinstall windows.


UPDATE - 10/2013


Since this problem was resolved, I've had to reinstall windows for unrelated reasons. What I've found out through the advice of friends and coworkers is that the massive disk usage on windows systems has been around since the early days, and the problem has only been exacerbated by windows 8. My laptop runs smoothly, but I still notice the disk active time climbing on occasion, even when the system seems otherwise idle. Thanks to the addition of the disk monitor to the task manager, and the resulting gain in attention this quirk had undergone, perhaps MS will make strides to streamline the windows kernel in future versions to prevent potential problems.


Clarification - 1/2015
Since this question is still getting views and upvotes, I feel it's worth mentioning something I've learned since it was written. The high disk usage occurs when Windows runs low on RAM and begins moving the contents of the RAM over to pagefile.sys. On systems with some sort of an error, usually a slow or defective hard drive, that can cause the entire system to freeze up. Since it's the process of writing to the pagefile itself that slows down the computer, increasing the size of the pagefile is unlikely to fix the slowdowns.
While I'm still not sure whether the problem was fixed by running chkdsk or deleting that virus, if you've run into the same problem and can't seem to find any software reason behind it, it's worth considering that it may be time for some hardware upgrades. Installing more RAM will mean that Windows needs to write to the pagefile less often, and a faster hard drive will mean that writes to the pagefile will be less noticeable.


Answer



Never mind, I ran chkdsk /b /f /scannow C: which, upon restarting my computer, went for about a day (all the while saying it was stuck at thirty percent). But when it was on again, I disabled all the processes running that didn't seem absolutely essential, and started chrome, and it worked fine. I'm not sure which solved it, but I'll start re-enabling the processes one by one and post about it if I find the culprit.


backup - Can the drives in a RAID 1 array be rotated?

As a follow-up to my question https://superuser.com/questions/247070/disaster-recovery-backup-of-files-photos-for-personal-use, it sounds like for personal disaster-safe backup, multiple rotated hard drives is the way to go.



One of the answers suggested a NAS RAID setup, so after some searching I found a very affordable product that looks really cool, the D-Link 2-bay network storage enclosure.




However, this NAS has some pretty cool features that I would love to use and not just lock away in a box, such as becoming my streaming location for Xbox, etc. It is a 2-bay enclosure, so what I am thinking is that I can buy 3 drives, and keep two of them in the NAS, and one in the fire-proof safe. I would rotate them weekly.



Is this possible with a RAID-1 array? Would it have to wipe the whole drive to rebuild it every time? Does the rebuilding happen automatically? And last question, if it does have to rebuild the whole partition on the drive every time, would this excessive writing reduce drive life?

Running multiple commands in multiple prompts from batch

I currently have three batch files and am trying to combine the functionality into one.


run.bat
--------
start "" /min cmd /k first.bat
start "" /min cmd /k second.bat
first.bat
--------
call C:\Users\jh\python_environment\Scripts\activate.bat
coilmq
second.bat
--------
call C:\Users\jh\python_environment\Scripts\activate.bat
python "C:\Users\jh\run\main.py"

So I execute run.bat to get what I want. That opens two command windows, with the respective commands run in each one and then they are minimized. How can I combine all this functionality into one bat script?

windows - Why doesn't Taskmanager show all memory use?

My laptop has 8gb of installed ram, when I run a VMWare virtual machine my memory usage increases but I can't find what process/thing is causing this. (I know that it's VMWare ofcourse but why doesn't taskmngr show me that???)


Here are some screenshots i took from Taskmanager:
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/1814002/memory.png


In the upper screenshot you see a memory usage of 82% where only 437,9mb is for my user.
In the other screenshot you see the same details (84% usage now because it was taken a bit later)


Does anyone know how I can view the correct memory usage with all programs / processes that are using it?

Linux overcommit memory setting


According to this document: https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/overcommit-accounting , if I set "vm.overcommit_memory" to "2", then "The total address space commit for the system is not permitted to exceed swap + a configurable amount (default is 50%) of physical RAM." Also, "The overcommit amount can be set via 'vm.overcommit_ratio' (percentage) or 'vm.overcommit_kbytes' (absolute value)."


My question is, are the "vm.overcommit_ratio" and "vm.overcommit_kbytes" limiting the total sum of memory commit by all processes, or just limiting each process?


I think it should be the latter, because it makes no sense to limit the system to use only half of physical memory in total, but the description in the document suggests it is limiting globally.


Answer



It is global. The purpose of the setting is to make sure that you can not use up all of your memory and cause the OOM killer to start killing processes.


windows 7 - Acer Aspire One D270 fan continuously running


I recently purchased a new Acer D270 netbook and observed that its fan is continuously running. Although fan was not making any audible noise at all i thought of using Acer Aspire One Temperature Monitor and Fan Control software even though it mentioned to use the software at your own risk I installed it on my netbook.


Now as soon as I ran it my fan speed increased 2 to 3 times the original speed. So, I uninstalled it and restarted my netbook. Now I am observing that even after uninstalling it my fan is running at a faster speed(may be 1.5 times) than when I had not installed it.


So, my question is why am I observing this behavior in fan speed and what can be done to reverse the effect of the software.


Answer



Almost all computers are going to need at least one fan running all the time to avoid overheating so I would avoid using unproven applications like that one which could cause all sorts of problems.



  • First, make sure you have a backup of anything important.


  • I would suggest you try reinstalling the chipset driver from http://support.acer.com/product/default.aspx in case that program has modified anything.


  • It may be worth accessing the BIOS to see if there are any options there for controlling fan speed. When you start up the netbook, it should tell you on screen which key you need to press to access the BIOS.


  • If the fan is still not functioning normally you might want to try SpeedFan to see if you can set the fan speed to normal levels.


  • Lastly, if SpeedFan is unable to set fan speeds you could try updating the BIOS from the Acer support page in case the ACPI functionality has been improved. This should be a last resort as it could potentially mess up the computer.



Set a keyboard shortcut for a Windows CMD command?

I'm running Windows 8.1 Pro and would like to know if it's possible to have a keyboard shortcut to run



taskkill /F /FI "STATUS eq NOT RESPONDING"


using "CTRL + ALT + X"



SIDE NOTE:
I have currently have a work-around where I have a batch file (KillTask.bat) with the command and a desktop shortcut to KillTask.bat with the shortcut key set to CTRL+ALT+X.




Screenshot
(Here's a screen-shot explaining the work-around)



Is there a more direct method of doing this by way of a keyboard shortcut without the use of desktop shortcuts and batch file?

Sunday, January 29, 2017

windows 7 - How to easily remove Win7 MBR? (I always boot TrueCrypt loader from a CD-R)

To mitigate damage from a virus infecting a Windows 7 MBR I boot into TrueCrypt encrypted windows from a CD (changed BIOS to boot CD first). I plan to boot other Operating Systems from external hard drives and feel removing the MBR is a wise step in prevent a virus from jumping from one of those to the main encrypted OS.


Googling shows the only way to remove an MBR is use Linux or remove the hard drive and connect to another machine. Is this true?


In summary I am looking for an easy way to achieve remove the MBR, preferably via a GUI as that will minimize risk of damaging any actual data. Perhaps it's possible to boot into Windows from an external hard drive then use DiskPart to clean the MBR on the internal drive (after selecting disk and partition).

Windows 7 password




I reset my password (windows 7) a week ago and now have totally forgotten the password. How do i reset the password?

partitioning - How to copy GNU/Linux installation from a smaller partition to a bigger partition?




I got a new hard disk for my laptop and I want to move my Gentoo installation from old HDD to new.



Most simple guides recommend use of dd to copy the whole partition byte by byte.



I'm moving to the new drive because I don't have enough space on the old drive, so I don't want to simply clone the partition. Instead I need the destination partition to be bigger. Would dd work well in that case?



Assuming that I use same partition types on the new drive, would I be able to use simple cp with appropriate settings?


Answer



DD makes an identical copy and can't do partition resizing.




You can copy whole existing partitions to new, bigger ones using cpio, but my favourite way to do this is to use Clonezilla to make backup copies of the original partition/s and then restore them to the new drive, using the option to resize the destination partitions during the process - of course you need somewhere to store the image you make, so you either need a enough space on the original disk, an external drive or a network location.



The benefits of this method are that you take a backup copy of your original disk first, there's less risk of doing something horrendous with the DD command and (subject to how you make the backup), you can process the original drive, remove it and then fit the replacement - no need to have both drives fitted simultaneously, which may not be possible in the laptop anyway.



I use a liveCD version of Parted Magic as it contains a lot of other useful tools as well as Clonezilla.


Saturday, January 28, 2017

How do I see if I am locked out of Windows 7 in case I don't know the password?

If I keep entering the incorrect password for an account at Windows 7 start up, do I get a notification when the account is locked? Or does it only come up once I enter the correct password, after too many incorrect attempts?

partitioning - Small SSD to Large SDD cloning, why isn't it allocating remainder of space?

I'm upgrading from a 120gb PNY SSD to a 500gb Samsung 850 SSD.



I cloned the 120gb SSD using EaseUS Todo Backup onto the larger SSD. But it seemed to copy the setup of my smaller drive. So on my larger SSD, I have 354gb that is unallocated.




How can I merge the primary partition and the unallocated?
disk properties view
Disk Management view






Update



When trying to extend the volume via disk management, I get the following message:
disk management extend volume

windows - How do I open a random file in a folder, and set that only files with the specified filename extension(s) should be opened?


How do I open a random file in a folder, and set that only files with the specified filename extension(s) should be opened? (While preferably, supporting Unicode filenames too.)


I've already looked around and found this batch script (.BAT):


@echo off & setlocal
:: start of main
rem Set your path here:
set "workDir=C:\DVDCOVERS"
rem Read the %random%, two times is'nt a mistake! Why? Ask Bill.
rem In fact at the first time %random% is nearly the same.
@set /a "rdm=%random%"
set /a "rdm=%random%"
rem Push to your path.
pushd "%workDir%"
rem Count all files in your path. (dir with /b shows only the filenames)
set /a "counter=0"
for /f "delims=" %%i in ('dir /b ^|find "."') do call :sub1
rem This function gives a value from 1 to upper bound of files
set /a "rdNum=(%rdm%*%counter%/32767)+1"
rem Start a random file
set /a "counter=0"
for /f "delims=" %%i in ('dir /b ^|find "."') do set "fileName=%%i" &call :sub2
rem Pop back from your path.
popd "%workDir%"
goto :eof
:: end of main
:: start of sub1
:sub1
rem For each found file set counter + 1.
set /a "counter+=1"
goto :eof
:: end of sub1
:: start of sub2
:sub2
rem 1st: count again,
rem 2nd: if counted number equals random number then start the file.
set /a "counter+=1"
if %counter%==%rdNum% (start "" "%fileName%")
goto :eof
:: end of sub2
:: -snap--- end of batch

Source: http://forums.majorgeeks.com/showthread.php?t=181574


It works in opening any random file in a folder, but I would like to be able to set that only files with the specified filename extension(s) should be opened. (e.g. A folder contains .MKV (video), .TP (video), .MP4 (video) and .JPG (image) files, and I would like to randomly open only video files, and not the .JPG image files.)


It also does not support Unicode filenames. It makes Windows output this error message if it randomly opens a file with a Unicode filename:



Windows cannot find (filename of file with Unicode filename, with the Unicode characters replaced with a question mark). Make sure you typed the name correctly, and try again.



Purposes:



  • If you would like to watch a random video from a folder, but the folder also contains non-video files

  • If you would like to view a random image from a folder, but the folder also contains non-image files.

  • Etc.


Suggestions to improve the .BAT file code (especially the 'randomness', as I often get the same file two-three times successively) or another better solution (even a non-batch script) is welcome. I am using Windows 7.


Answer



In Python, you can open a random JPG-file like this:


import glob,random,os
files = glob.glob("*.jpg")
file = random.choice(files)
print "Opening file %s..." % file
cmd = "rundll32 url.dll,FileProtocolHandler \"" + file + "\""
os.system(cmd)

To open video-files like .MKV, .MP4 and .TP, replace the line files = glob.glob("*.jpg") with these lines:


files = glob.glob("*.mkv")
files.extend(glob.glob("*.mp4"))
files.extend(glob.glob("*.tp"))

performance - How do I analyze excessive Windows kernel mode CPU usage?

My Windows XP machine recently started to semi freeze on me every odd reboot after a few minutes of usage (different programs / no additional prg start at all).




Update: I have now managed to get a bit more detail with Process Explorer. This is a 2 core CPU and the 100% kernel usage is only on one core. The process list shows DPCs - Deferred Procedure Calls at 50% (that's 100% on one core). So the question is now: **What's DPC and how do I fix them??




Next update: OKIES ... using this and that I have been able to get xperf running on my Windows XP, and the sample dumps I took display just fine on my Win7 laptop.Yes, you need a Win7/Vista computer to view the dumps taken on Windows XP. However, I am now facing the following problem, I can enable xperf tracing, xperf -on Latency and the problem now also reoccurred while xperf tracing was on, but as soon as my DPC goes to 100%, Windows doesn't start any new processes (or their startup never finishes) (an open e.g. cmd window remains responsive just fine, but every exe you try too call just hangs (dir works just fine because that a cmd command) -- I can only assume that CreateProcess hangs with some part of the kernel). Now, not being able to launch any new process means that I cannot run xperf -d dumpfile.etl, because, when I enter that on the cmd window, it just hangs.


So it seems I'm out of luck here. I would rather throw out the whole rig than start manually disabling drivers ... :-)


Any other ideas appreciated!




That is, while Windows remained responsive theoretically (e.g. Mouse Cursor moved normally and I could click, and the click was eventually recognized) actions taken by the user were only responded to after minutes (literally).


Example: Hitting the Num-lock key on the keyboard normally toggles the Num-lock LED on the keyboard. This also is the case with my semi-frozen machine, but only after a minute or two.


One time, I managed to launch Process Explorer and, after a few minutes, the System information graph clearly indicated 100% CPU usage on the red line (kernel mode) and the green line stayed on zero. In this state, though the graph was still updated on screen, the machine could not be operated anymore. (Well, unless you are willing to wait for a few minutes after every click.)


So, now I'm wondering what the problem could be, as I did not install anything new on this machine for weeks, certainly not prior to seeing this behavior. (Rebooting helps sometimes, sometime I need a second or third reboot before the machine becomes usable for a longer period of time.)


Now, how can I find out what is actually causing the excessive kernel mode usage?




Note: Also posted this in the sysinternals forums.

Friday, January 27, 2017

Install Windows 10 in Legacy Boot mode


I am trying to install Windows 10 in legacy mode on a drive that uses MBR. I have a Windows 10 installation ISO file from which I created a bootable USB drive. However, USB drive only boots in UEFI mode, and not in legacy mode (I alternated between the two options in the BIOS menu). When the Windows installation process is started in UEFI mode, it cannot install Windows to a MBR drive. Hence I need to create a bootable USB drive that can start in legacy mode. Is this a limitation of the ISO file that I am using? I have tried many different utilities (Rufus, UNetbootin, etc..) to create the bootable USB.


If this is the case, where can I obtain a Windows 10 installation ISO (I have a license key) that can be used to create a legacy bootable USB drive?


Answer



After digging deeper into my BIOS settings menu, I found there is an option to enable support for booting from USB in UEFI mode. For some reason, enabling this option suddenly made it possible to boot from USB in Legacy mode as well.


Hence the issue was not with the .iso file nor with the USB booting utilities.


cpu - PC is shutting down due to overheating but heat sink is cool to the touch

my PC is freezing up and shutting down. I have tried reseating the heatsink but the issue isn't fixed. I am very new to hardware maintenance and I'm not sure what to try next, any advice appreciated and thank you in advance.



Specs:





  1. Machine: Mobo: ASUSTeK model: P8Z77-V LK v: Rev X.0x
    Bios: American Megatrends v: 0908 date: 11/16/2012

  2. CPU: Quad core Intel Core i5-3570K (-MCP-) cache: 6144 KB
    flags: (lm nx sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx) bmips: 27280
    clock speeds: max: 3800 MHz 1: 1600 MHz 2: 1600 MHz 3: 1599 MHz
    4: 1600 MHz

  3. Graphics: Card: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor
    Graphics Controller
    bus-ID: 00:02.0
    Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)

    Resolution: 1440x900@59.89hz
    GLX RSystem Temperatures: cpu: 87.0C mobo: 27.8C
    Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: 0enderer: Mesa DRI Intel Ivybridge Desktop
    GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0 Direct Rendering: Yes

  4. Audio: Card Intel 7 Series/C210 Series Family High Definition
    Audio Controller
    driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:1b.0
    Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k4.4.0-53-generic

  5. Network: Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit
    Ethernet ContSystem Temperatures: cpu: 87.0C mobo: 27.8C

    Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: 0roller
    driver: r8169 v: 2.3LK-NAPI port: e000 bus-ID: 03:00.0
    IF: enp3s0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac:

  6. Drives: HDD Total Size: 240.1GB (5.9% used)
    ID-1: /dev/sda model: SanDisk_SDSSDA24 size: 240.1GB

  7. Partition: ID-1: / size: 212G used: 5.8G (3%) fs: ext4 dev:
    /dev/dm-1
    ID-2: /boot size: 473M used: 62M (14%) fs: ext2 dev: /dev/sda2
    ID-3: swap-1 size: 8.26GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/dm-3

  8. RAID: NSystem Temperatures: cpu: 87.0C mobo: 27.8C

    Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: 0o RAID deviSystem: Host: notabook Kernel:
    4.4.0-53-generic x86_64 (64 bit gcc: 5.4.0)
    Desktop: Cinnamon 3.2.6 (Gtk 3.18.9-1ubuntu3.1)
    Distro: Linux Mint 18.1 Serenaces: /proc/mdstat, md_mod kernel module present

  9. Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 87.0C mobo: 27.8C
    FSystem Temperatures: cpu: 87.0C mobo: 27.8C
    Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: 0an Speeds (in rpm): cpu: 0

  10. Info: Processes: 207 Uptime: 13 min Memory: 689.4/7677.6MB
    Init: systemd runlevel: 5 Gcc sys: 5.4.0


  11. Client: Shell (bash 4.3.461) inxi: 2.2.35



data recovery - Recover Bitlocker Protected External Hard Disk


While trying to create a bootable USB drive using WinToFlash, I accidentally selected an external hard drive with important data.


The process did not complete but, The bitlocker encryption doesnt seem to be on the drive now. (It doesnt ask for the password)


This is how the data is shown when the hard drive is plugged in.


enter image description here


I tried EaseUS recovery although the scan only gives a bunch of SWF files.


I need to figure out a way to decrypt this data and recover them. I have the password which was used as the Bitlocker password.


Answer



Sorry to be the harbinger of bad news. Your data is most likely not recoverable. Bitlocker works by putting a block of data with the private key - encoded with your passphrase or tpm or what have you - and if this block is destroyed, having the password does not help you. (This is done so you can change password/have multiple passwords/access mechanisms.


The data you are seeing is a misinterpretation of random characters interpreted as files - as evidenced by the garbage characters and date modified times.


That said, if you happen to have an older bit copy of the encrypted drive you might be able to copy the relevant block, decrypt the filesystem and attempt recovery. This is expert territory though, and does require in depth knowledge and a copy of the block containing the key.


windows 7 - How to disable Google Chrome's Auto-update feature?


I am using Google Chrome. I re-installed it today as it was crashing when I start it. I guess may be that this was due to any of my Extensions or Google Update. I disabled my extensions but it was still crashing. Now I installed an old version of chrome from http://www.oldapps.com/google_chrome.php. However, Chrome automaticallyuppdates itself (although Windows asks me before installing and I don't grant it permissions, its still annoying to get Google update asking me permission after a couple of minutes.


I saw the question at Disable auto-update of Google Chrome however, it doesn't seem to hlp me. i disabled the service and I stopped it as well, but the problem still persists. I also tried to look into the registry according to the following link: http://www.sitepoint.com/how-to-disable-google-chrome-updates/ but the "Policies" section of my registry doesn't contain any folder called "Google". I use Windows 7 - 64 bit Home Premium Service pack 1.


Could anybody help? Thanks a ton!


Answer




  1. Download a windows group policy template "Google Update Administrative Template" from Google Site.


  2. Open the editor by typing "gpedit.msc" into the search button on the start menu and click the resulting link


  3. Navigate to User Configuration - Administrative Templates
    Step 3


  4. Right click on Administrative Templates, select add/remove templates from menu bar.


  5. In the popup box click add button and navigate to where you downloaded the GoogleUpdate.adm file and then click close button
    Step 5
    Step 5-2


  6. You should find a new entry under Local Computer Policy - Computer Configuration - Administrative Templates - Classic Administrative Templates called Google
    Step 6


  7. Navigate to Administrative Templates - Google - Google Update - Applications - Google Chrome.


  8. Right click on Update Policy Override and select edit.


  9. Click enabled button and in the scrollbar list under Policy choose Updates disabled and click OK


  10. To be sure that update not occur, Go to Start > Run > msconfig > Startup > Disable GoogleUpdater.exe



You have now stopped Google Updater from checking for updates for Google Chrome


Max Usable Memory - Windows 7 Pro 64-bit


Specs beforehand (Upgraded HP m8530f): AMD Phenom X4 9550 @ 2.20 GHz / HIS 256MB Radeon HD4350 GDDR2 PCI-E / 6.0 GB PC2-6400 DDR2 RAM / 750GB SATA Seagate Barracuda HDD / ASUS M2N78-LA / CoolerMaster 500W PSU


So, this computer comes stock with 5.0 GB of RAM. So in the four slots, there is a 1 GB - 1 GB - 2 GB - 1 GB configuration. Today, though, I got another 2GB stick, so now I have a configuration of 1 GB - 1 GB - 2 GB - 2 GB. However, after I booted up... I went to Computer Properties and it says that I only have 5.0 GB Usable memory. However, I checked online and for Windows 7 Pro 64-bit, the max supported memory should be much much more.


Any ideas? Are there questions like this already? (oops)


EDIT1: for Sim...


enter image description here


Answer



Have you upgraded the BIOS? There is a BIOS update for your model (HP m8530f) on the HP website that might do the trick M2N78-LA Motherboard BIOS update improves security support, and fixes incorrect memory size being reported in Vista when 4GB or more is installed.


There is a good page on the HP Site that walks you through upgrading to Windows 7 and covers know issues and solutions etc.


windows - Determining which program trapping which hot key shortcut

I was trying to map a new keyboard shortcut in Visual Studio 2010 and realise it would not register Ctrl-M. Other letters were fine. I opened up Visual Studio 2008 and found it would not recognise the Ctrl-M input either in the shortcut dialog.


While Ctrl-M does not yield any visible system behaviour, my suspicion is still perhaps some program has mapped a OS-wide hotkey shortcut. To my knowledge UltraMon is the only one i know working on this computer that can register hotkeys, but none are assigned there.


I'd like to find out if there is any utility that can query out what are the globally-registered hotkeys by programs in Windows? thanks


UPDATE


Well, this laptop has an Intel integrated video control applet that sports hot key mapping as well, even though Ctrl-M is not assigned. I disabled it to be sure, and it's still not captured in Visual Studio.


UPDATE


I found the offending program - the Bing bar which came with WLE 2011. Woah. But nonetheless having a utility that can eye these out would be usefully quicker.

iso image - Virtual Optical Drive

Is there a way to burn several ISOs to a USB external drive and be able to plug it in and boot to one of them?




Would creating several partitions and burning to each one work or something like that.

Thursday, January 26, 2017

windows - How can I launch batch files from another batch file while piping their output and retaining the current working directory?


I have a batch file which runs as a scheduled task. For the sake of example lets call it alltasks.bat.


It looks like the following:


@ECHO OFF
clearwebtemp.bat > clearwebtemp_out.txt
clearblahtemp.bat > clearblahtemp_out.txt
clearblihtemp.bat > clearblihtemp_out.txt

This works fine when none of the called scripts change directories, but if they do then the main script fails to complete the remaining batch calls or pipe the output to the files.


I tried using the start command, but that predictably piped the output of the start command rather than that of the batch file itself.


I also tried retaining the current working directory using the %CD% variable at the top of the script and then switching back to it after each call, but the piping out to the file was done inside the directory that the script switched to, which didn't seem to make sense.

Is there an obvious (or not-so-obvious) way to achieve what I'm attempting to accomplish?


Answer



This should do what you're asking for:


cmd /c clearwebtemp.bat > clearwebtemp_out.txt
cmd /c clearblahtemp.bat > clearblahtemp_out.txt
cmd /c clearblihtemp.bat > clearblihtemp_out.txt

operating systems - Are I/O operations faster on the beginning of a hard disk drive than on its end?

I saw that I/O operations are faster on the beginning of a hard disk drive than on its end. Is that true and if so, why?

Creating a Windows Virtual PC image from a Physical machine


On Windows 7 (Home Premium), using Windows Virtual PC, how can you create an image of a physical machine running Windows XP?


I've found the "Virtual Server 2005 Migration Toolkit", but this is of course for Virtual Server 2005, not Windows Virtual PC. I've also found this link, but it is targeted to "Microsoft Virtual PC" (i.e. the previous version of Virtual PC).


Note: I am not interesting in using an alternative virtualization software (such as VirtualBox, VMWare, etc).


Answer



Have a look at the Sysinternals utility Disk2vhd. Should do what you're after if I understand the question.


ubuntu - How to reinstall Windows Boot Manager on EFI partition

So I've been trying to install Ubuntu on a second HDD on my desktop, which has W8 installed on a SSD (UEFI-only boot). Thing is, during Ubuntu installation I made the mistake of choosing to install the bootloader (GRUB) to the first disk (the SSD), and after install I could not boot into W8 (the entries in GRUB didn't work). Following these instructions, I managed to be able to get "Windows Boot Manager" back, however I lost GRUB in the process, and got a duplicate "Windows Boot Manager" entry in BIOS, along with the "Ubuntu" entry, which then I used to boot into Ubuntu.


Later, I decided to reinstall Ubuntu, and formatted the HDD from within windows, however, the entries in BIOS stayed the same, and, while I had the HDD connected to the motherboard, I could not boot into an Ubuntu Live USB (in order to reinstall Ubuntu).


I made another mistake by updating the BIOS, which cleared all of the EFI boot entries in BIOS, and, right now, I get an error when boot from the SSD:


grub: device not found (...)

So it seems that grub is still installed in the EFI partition of the SSD, and since I don't have the WBM entry in BIOS anymore, I cannot even boot into Windows, and the previous instructions don't work anymore. Is there another way to reset W8 EFI partition to the default?

windows 7 - What is the correct method to apply various group policy settings to multiple groups of users?

What is the correct method to apply various group policy settings to multiple groups of users?


An example of the scenario:
Windows server 2008, domain "CompanyName".
Presume all users switch between all PC's with a roaming profile.


GP = group policy, GPO = group policy object, OU = Organisational unit.


I have two OU's inside my main Users OU, as follows:


CompanyName Users
Standard Users
UserA
UserB
Power Users
UserC
UserD

For Standard users I want Control Panel disabled. Which I can achieve fine by applying GPO to that OU.


For Power Users I want the background set to a certain picture. I can also achieve fine.


Here is where the problem comes in, UserA and UserC both use a program that requires certain firewall settings which I'd like to apply through GP.
Putting this GPO in the main OU (CompanyName Users) then filtering the users it can apply to, I presume would work. However is this the correct way to do it?


What is the correct/best way to go about this? Is there a better way to arrange my OU's?

USB 3.0 flash drive doesn't work on USB 3.0 hub?



I purchased a Transcend 128GB USB 3.0 flash drive last month. It does not work on the two USB 3.0 ports on my computer, which has an ASUS Rampage III Extreme motherboard. The device doesn't even light up at all. Yet other flash drives (non-3.0) work fine on those ports. An Anker USB 3.0 hub that I just purchased works fine, too.




Plugging that Transcend flash drive into another USB port (2.0, presumably), it lights up and is recognized immediately.



What gives?


Answer



I did some more research and looked in my Device Manager. I did see one "USB Hub" or some such with an exclamation point on it. And some of my research suggested updating drivers. So I went to ASUS' site and downloaded USB 3.0 drivers, figuring it couldn't hurt, even if they were already installed.



It turns out they were not already installed. So my problem really just boils down to the fact that I didn't have USB 3.0 drivers. I just assumed that Windows 7 automatically downloaded and installed them when I changed out motherboards years ago. I guess that's what I get for trusting Windows 7.



So, let this be a notice for anyone else who might be having similar issues: Don't trust Windows 7's automatic driver installation. Download and install the drivers yourself for the USB 3.0 ports on your computer.




Sorry for wasting everyone's time for such a trivial issue.


Wednesday, January 25, 2017

Permissions Error Time Capsule (can't rsync owned by root:wheel group)


So, I had just flat out erased my Time Capsules 2TB drive and began running a sync script I wrote alongside a Time Machine Backup. They both have been running for over a day without a hitch, but out of no where I started seeing problems with my script. First, I was denied access to delete one of the folders on my drive (I had to force remove the folder in the terminal). Next, my script failed as a whole do to the following error:


rsync: ERROR: cannot stat destination "destination folder on Time Capsule": Permission denied (13)

Absolutely no idea why. I went into Volumes via the terminal and notice 2 things. First, I had two instances of my Time Machine's HDD. One named normally and the other with a notated -1 after it (say TimeCapsuleHDD and TimeCapsuleHDD-1). If that wasn't strange enough, the owner for the TimeCapsuleHDD was root:wheel with drwx------ permissions. The owner of TimeCapsuleHDD-1 was MyUserName:staff with drwx------ permissions. I attempted to change the TimeCapsuleHDD permissions (which is where my sync apps are writing to) via chown and chmod 755 without it effecting anything. I also attempted to specify chown MyUserName:staff without success. Does anyone know what the cause of this is? I'm now desperately zeroing out my drive hoping to regain proper possession. I couldn't even sudo cd into it without actually logging in as root. If this does happen again, I would love to learn how to correct it. I did read that this may be do to issues with ACL. The worst part is, I had a permissions issue on my new 2013 iMac the other night in which I had to recover install Mountain Lion to correct the randomly caused issues (I wasn't able to create a new account on my computer as my permissions were denied).


Answer



The only answers I can conclude is that either the ACL files were messed up (which in that case they'd need to manually be edited without use of the chmod command and such). This doesn't explain the misnomer in the naming conventions for TimeCapsuleHDD and TimeCapsuleHDD-1. Now, as I could tell before, I did not have access to TimeCapsuleHDD but had full access to TimeCapsuleHDD-1. After wiping the drive and trying everything again, it seems the names swapped. I have no idea what TimeCapsuleHDD-1 is suppose to be used for ( as there is a mount called Time Machine Backups which I would assume would be for the Time Machine) while TimeCapsuleHDD is suppose to be the Network HDD mount in Volumes. Somehow, these mount names were swapped for me (spontaneously mind you because this happened after previous syncs). This may have caused an issue (still wondering why they spontaneously swapped though). I noticed after the wipe that I own TimeCapsuleHDD and root:wheels owns TimeCapsuleHDD-1.


Edit: I now know what causes TimeCapsuleHDD-1 to appear and what caused this permissions error. Seems that OSX does create and hot swap these in the Volumes folder per whichever mount (either the Time Machine BackUp or the actual HDD mount) is accessed first. When Time Machine starts up, it names a temporary mount based off of the HDD's labeled name. If you already have the HDD mounted, it will dub a -1 after it, if not... it will take the normal name. Hence if you mount the HDD after Time Machine starts, you're mount will be labeled with the -1 after it (which is dumb imo). To prevent this, you should mount the HDD on boot. The odd part is, I already did this... but I guess at some point it unmounted and they switched. Here's the reference I found for more info: https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4367885?start=0&tstart=0.


Is a product key for 32 bit Windows compatible for 64-bit Windows?



Background information:



I own a reasonably good computer which is capable of running a 64 bit operating system. It came installed with Windows 7, which I wiped quite a while ago, and installed Windows 8 Pro when it came out. However, for some dumb reason, I installed 32-bit Windows rather than 64-bit. This hasn't been much of a problem (I didn't notice until recently), so I continued to use the 32-bit windows.



When Windows 10 was released, I considered upgrading. When I was doing research on compatibility issues etc., I noticed that my computer was only using 2.98 out of the 8GB of installed RAM. After some more research, I came to the conclusion that it was my 32 bit operating system. This was when I realised that my computer was capable of running a 64-bit operating system. So naturally, I want to use the 64-bit operating system.



Because of a few unrelated issues, I decided to do a clean install of Windows 10. Many guides I have read state that it is very highly recommended that I perform the upgrade first then do a clean install, so the activation servers will recognise my hardware as Windows 10 activated. So I performed a manual upgrade via the Media Creation Tool. Now, before I perform the reset and clean install, I wish to check whether my product key (or rather my hardware activation, which would be the case for Windows 10) is compatiable with the 64-bit windows.




TL;DR:



I currently have a Windows 10 Pro 32-bit operating system on my 64-bit compatible computer and I wish to install the 64-bit version of Windows. Is the activation for my 32-bit operating system enough to activate the 64-bit version of the same Windows when installed?



System Specifications: (current)



System



System information for my computer




Graphics Card



enter image description here


Answer



Yes, that should work.



In previous versions of Windows, the product key would work for either the 32-bit or 64-bit version and there is no indication yet that this has changed.



Ultimately, what Microsoft care about is that you have a legitimate key.




The specifications you listed will work with Windows 10 to the best of my knowledge.



Edit:
I just found this article describing the process:




Users who want to switch from 32 bit versions of Windows to Windows 10 64 bit should be aware the migration is a multi-step process. Due to changes how the compliance check is done for the free upgrade offer for Windows 10. Windows 10 64 bit requires a custom install, but before you can perform that, you need to first upgrade from your current 32 bit version of Windows to Windows 10 32 bit. Ensure you are signed in with a Microsoft Account and also ensure Windows 10 32 bit is activated.





Since you have already upgraded to Windows 10, you should check that it is activated and you have signed into a Microsoft account.



From there, you should be able to follow the rest of the instructions, mainly downloading Windows 10 Pro 64-bit to bootable media and doing a clean install.


windows 8.1 - Lenovo Ideapad z510 crashes when connected to AC power but works fine with the battery



I use a Lenovo Ideapad z510 running Windows 8 x64 and earlier today, during a snowstorm, power went out. Later, power came back and I got on my computer. As I was using it, I — idiotically — lightly smashed my hands on the keyboard and my computer crashed.




I could only turn it on when running off of battery power only. Trying to turn it on with the plug in would either:




  1. Not let it turn on.

  2. Crash the computer a few seconds after turning on.



I have tried draining the battery then turning it on with the plug but it doesn’t seem to help. Running from battery works fine, however, I am having issues charging said battery. One of two things is happening right now:





  1. The battery is not charging at all, even when plugged into computer that is turned off

  2. The battery is charging very slowly when plugged into computer that is turned off



Any ideas?


Answer



Edit: Careful with this. I think it's only a short-term fix...



I fixed it and wanted to post the answer for others. Here is what I did:




This may not work if your laptop cannot run without a battery. If that is the case, you may try to follow the steps but skip step two. I do not know what this will produce, however, as I have not tried it.




  1. Open up your laptop and unseat the battery. This simply means to disconnect it from the laptop, not necessarily to take it out of the case itself.

  2. Start up the laptop plugged in but without the battery. Wait for it to finish booting up; make sure nothing unusual happens.

  3. Shut it down and then reseat, or re-connect the battery

  4. Start up the laptop.


shredding a particular drive in my PC?






Hi,
I want to shred a particular drive in my PC and i dont want to recover any files from that drive...Is it possible??If so den which tool(best shredding tool) is best on its own??


Answer



See similar question: How to delete my hard drive safely?


Where are the Windows 10 Media Creation Tool temp files located?


Apparently my 8GB USB drive has some error that disables it from letting the Windows 10 Media Creation Tool (MCT) install the ISO onto it, so I've found another way to do it.


However, the temp files from the MCT download have taken more than 10GB of data somewhere on the drive that I don't know how to locate.


Does anyone know where they are located so that I can manually clean them up?


Answer



It is created on the drive(usually c:) where your current windows folder is, in a hidden folder called c:\$Windows.~WS, before the final Windows.iso was created in a folder of your choosing.


You can unhide files in view, folder options, view, in file explorer.


It does not get deleted after the Iso is made and contains about 6GB of files because it contains both sources\Installx86.esd and a nested sources\Windows\sources\Install.wim windows images.


The Windows folder containing the install.wim seems to be identical with the contents of the final windows.iso.


If $windows.~WS is like $windows.~BT, you cannot delete it by normal means, but try first anyway.


If not, you can probably delete it by doing a disk cleanup. Right click the drive, select properties from the bottom of the list. In the general tab select disk cleanup, wait for it to calculate, then click clean up system files, wait again then while it finds all the update files - hopefully it will remove the folder then, and select OK to delete it.


Source: Where does Media Creation Tool store all of it's data?


Explorer context menu command: Take source filename and add it to new text file

I'm looking to add a menu item to Windows Explorer context menu for a certain file extension - for the purpose of this example let's say for MP3 files.
Upon rightclicking the file and selecting the menu item I want a command to be executed:
- Take filename and extension (but without the file path) of the file and add that to a new text file which is named the same.


Here's where I'm at with the registry file:


[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\SystemFileAssociations\.mp3\shell\Create Text File\command]
@="cmd.exe /C echo #filenameWithoutPath.mp3# >> #filename.txt#"

The ## indicates where I am blank. What I can't figure out is to build the command to take the filename of the selected file and add that with extension to a new text file of the same name.


I am almost there with this:


"cmd.exe /C echo %1 >> %1.txt"

However with this, the filename including path is entered to the file, and the output file name gets double extension (.mp3.txt).

Windows 7 changes desktop icon location when switching from External Monitor to Internal Monitor (laptop)



I have a Windows 7 Laptop, and lately its been acting really weird with my 1080p Monitor. When I get home from school, Ill plug my screen in, and close my laptop lid (which makes the laptop treat the Monitor as the primary and only screen). However it will move my desktop icons!



This also happens when I remove / unplug the screen, as shown in the pictures. I hate this, as Im the kinda person who's use to every icon being in a set spot, and so am use to their location. Its a massive hassle to try and move the icons back to their original spot.



Anyone have any ideas on how to fix this?



Thanks




P.S it could be due to the resolution of the screen's being different, but this never happened before in the past



Icons on External Moniter (after having moved them manually back into place):
Icons on External Moniter (after having moved them manually back into place)



Icons after unplugging external monitor (and so using Laptop screen):
Icons after unplugging external monitor


Answer



Every time I have observed that behavior, the resolution resized in such a way that a desktop icon has to move. Curiously, one Windows PC I use(d) would remember the icon locations for each resolution and they would "go back" when I switched to the other resolution.




I get this a lot because I use ssvnc to remote desktop the quickbooks computer we have. It has a small hdtv as its monitor, which powers off quickly... so fairly often, I'll log in to it, get 800x600 or some odd size then right click on desktop to get the 1632x1200-whatever proper size for when the monitor is powered on.



If both of your screens are larger than your desktop, perhaps you are going to "no" desktop and Windows thinks it wants one of the default vga sizes and shuffles your icons accordingly.


windows xp - Explorer not loading when logging on


The background loads but explorer.exe doesn't load.
We can get onto this via ctrl+alt+del and opening task manager then running the new task "explorer.exe"


Answer



Go to your registry (open start menu, choose 'run' and type in regedit.exe).
There, go to the following key:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon]
There you should see a 'string value' called "Shell". If you double click it, the value should be "Explorer.exe". If there is another value, or some parameters following this, change it.
After that, restart your machine.


For more information, also see this post. Third option is what I suggested.


Tuesday, January 24, 2017

windows 7 - Pending Sector issue. Does this mean the HDD is failing?

My speed fans smart test said I have 5560 pending sectors. Does this mean the HDD is failing?



The computer is a Toshiba Satellite P755-S5390
I have had it since 2012. I have recently gotten BSODs so I have had to reformat the drive twice in the past two weeks.



Computer also gets pretty hot, I got an external fan for it about a year and a half ago.

linux - Asus netbook (Windows 10) *will not* boot from USB drive

I am trying to install Linux on my Asus X205T netbook from a USB drive. Recently I used the same drive to install Ubuntu on a relative's laptop.


I formatted the USB drive on my Macbook Pro using Disk Utility (FAT) and then used Unetbootin to set up the drive with a CentOS 7 .iso that I got directly from the CentOS download page.


For some reason I cannot get this Netbook to boot from the USB. When I do advanced restart settings and choose to boot from the USB drive (UEFI) the thing just boots back up into Windows. I even tried restarting to the BIOS and changing the boot order there to have the USB drive as #1.


I also tried wiping the USB drive again and using Unetbootin to set up the USB with Ubuntu (just like I did for my relative) and tried the same steps above to boot the Netbook with Ubuntu instead of CentOS - still no luck.


I also tried something I found in another answer here, which is that Asus Netbooks allow you to press ESC during boot and choose what device to boot from. I did that and - once again - it saw that the USB drive was available but when I choose to boot from it I still was taken to Windows.


Anyone have any idea what I might be doing wrong, and why this Netbook can recognize the USB drive but won't boot from it???

Monday, January 23, 2017

smart - How to test SSDs or NVMe for badblocks'?

With the traditional spinning disks diagnostics is rather easy. If you suspect a drive to be faulty, you can check the SMART values, run a SMART extended test and a badblocks -wsv test. If all three tests show no error, the drive is probably/usually fine.


What should we do in case of SSDs or modern NVMe drives?


Obviously, SMART is still a good idea, but what if it complets without error? Is running badblocks -wsv on a flash-based memory device a good idea?


Are there other options?


Also, if using badblocks what options are suitable? Should one use the "erase block size" of the SSD?




This question is similar to Can I prove that an SSD is broken? But the answers there are from 2013. We have seen several generations of flash technologies since then. - Also, while they suggest badblocks, I am missing a discussion on weather this is a good idea at all. Ultimatley, some flash memories do not like it to be written to a 100%. Also, how do we tell the SSD afterwards which sectors are free (again)?


How to fix bad blocks on SSD is also not satisfying.


How safe is it to run CHKDSK on an SSD? discusses only the impact of chkdsk


I could not find other resources that deal with this problem.

Refresh Language Bar in Windows Vista/7 programatically

Im trying to configure the Language Bar (the language switcher in the systray which appears whan you have multiple input languages installed) for our users.


language bar


I can easily add new languages using regkeys below HKCU,
but the problem is that the user has to relogin or reboot his computer to see the effect.


The keys i use (im writing them with an active setup) are in
"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Keyboard Layout\Preload"
below that key are name/values of the type REG_SZ.


Usually there are already keys like
"1"="0000407"
"2"="0000409"
which means the user has German and English keyboard layout installed,
if i want to add, lets say italian, i would add the key
"3"="0000410".
after the next logoff/login the change is visible to the user.


now what i already tried is sending various windows messages, like WM_SETTINGCHANGE or the "RUNDLL32.EXE user32.dll,UpdatePerUserSystemParameters" command. but no usefull result so far.


im running out of ideas here,
making hundreds of users logoff/logon wouldn't be so great :/


i also thought of automating mouseclicks (e.g. with autoit), but that usually causes more trouble than it does any good.

secure erase - How to delete my hard drive safely?




How do I wipe my hard drive?


On my iMac that I had, it had a process where it met some government standard in terms of safety by going over the drive 7 times.

webserver - How to download all HTTP files from a server

I have to do some work on one website, for example example.com, but I need to acces some HTTP sites (example.com/example.htm, example.com/example2, …)


I don't know how are they named) but I dont know how to access them. Is there a way I can download everything from that FTP server that is not mine?


I have no access to the FTP server. Imagine that it is blank website with no buttons or anything (example.com), but there are some files and websites on that same server. I need to know all these files.

windows 7 - Why does Adobe Acrobat scroll so slowly, and what can I do about it?

I often am forced to view long PDF documents either in browser or out of browser. When I'm forced to use such documents, it's always frustrating, because whenever I scroll the document, the viewer "stutters" -- and it's at least some 30 seconds later before Acrobat relinquishes control of my mouse pointer. (I've found that if I Alt-Tab out of Acrobat, everything finishes scrolling instantly, and I get my pointer back)


I suspect that the issue lies in not having the world's greatest graphics card in this laptop (an NVIDIA Quadro NVS 160), but it scrolls so slowly that I don't think this is just a hardware problem.


Has anybody had this problem before? What does one do about it?


EDIT:


Interestingly, this only seems to occur if I use the "middle button scroll" on the laptop keyboard; if I plug in an external USB mouse and scroll that way the problem seems to go away.


EDIT2:


Replacing Adobe Reader with something else is not an option. Using alternative readers has bit me in the a** enough times that I don't want to deal with it. Unless it supports reading anything in a PDF that Reader X does, I'm not interested (and no third party reader does so).


More to the point, this occurs in other applications on this machine than Adobe Reader -- it's just that in Reader this problem is most noticeable. Using Foxit Reader, for instance, does not change the problem; it's still just as poor there as it is in the first party tool.

Sunday, January 22, 2017

archiving - Is it possible to successfully extract an archive file if the download is not complete


I'm downloading visual studio 2010 professional through MSDN Academic Alliance. And I get the download is finished confirmation even before the progress of the download doesn't reach 100%.
I extracted the iso file and it didn't have any problems or errors extracting its contents. But I noticed some sub folders are empty.
Is it possible that I haven't really downloaded the full content of the archive?


Answer



Yes, it is very possible with many archive formats to have missing data when extracting an incomplete download.


What archive format is the download you're using in?


windows 7 - Why isnt the ISO I burned to a DVD bootable?



I downloaded an ISO of Windows 7 Home Premium 64 bit From Digital River to try to restore a laptop.



I downloaded the ISO and burned it to a Memorex DVD and tried to boot the laptop from it using the boot options but the laptop acted like there was no disk in the drive and booted from the Hard Drive like normal.




I tried another boot disk to see if it was the DVD drive but the laptop booted to that disk just fine.



Am I burning this disk wrong? Any ideas?



Lenovo g570


Answer



That's because you probably have not burned a boot sector or boot image on the DVD. The program you use to burn DVDs will have an option that you can check to burn a bootable DVD.



Judging from the screenshot on this page, it doesn't look like there's an option to burn a bootable disc in Windows Disk Image Burner.




If you can't do it with the built-in Win7 burner, these are two solid, free-to-use dvd burning programs, that might be more straightforward to use:




Offline Password & Registry Editor for Windows




Dear community!
I need to Backup, Restore, Modify the Local users passwords under NT/2k/XP/Vista/Win7.

Is there any tool that can do it [only bootable livecds?]?

Can someone please post a howto regarding it?

Saturday, January 21, 2017

How to verify Windows 10 activation after cloning?



I have 10 identical PCs which I upgrade from Windows 7 to 10. I started this process with 2 PCs. I upgraded them individually from 7 to 10 and after Windows 10 started (connected to the internet) I checked that it is activated. It shows "Windows is activated with a digital license." As expected the two PCs have different product IDs.



After that I formatted the hard disk on one of them and installed Windows 10 from scratch without entering a product key. As expected it showed that it is activated because MS recognized the hardware and the digital license.
I used a local Windows account because I plan to add these PCs to a local domain.




I spend some time installing all the drivers, updates, applications, etc. which should be identical for all the PCs.



After that was done I cloned the hard disk from PC-A to PC-B to safe all the extra time on that PC.



The cloned PC-B works fine and it shows it's activated with a digital license. But surprisingly it shows on PC-A and the cloned PC-B exactly the same product-ID. I would have thought that the cloned PC-B would check with MS and retrieve the digital license which it had after the initial upgrade. But this did not happen, even after a couple of restarts with the internet connected all the time.



I want to do the upgrade (just basic to get the Windows 10 activation) and then the cloning for all 10 PCs. But I am concerned that if they will have all the same product ID maybe after some hours or days or weeks MS might complain that there can't be 10 PC with the same product-ID and all on the same network.



This is why I want to verify if all PCs are recognized to have a valid license.
There was a validate-procedure for Windows 7 some time ago. Maybe something similar exists for Windows 10.



Answer



It seems Windows verifies the activation automatically whenever it is connected to the internet. After cloning all 10 PCs about 7 of them showed that they are not activated. When this happened I selected in Settings Activation and then Troubleshoot. This option is only available if Windows shows it is not activated. When I clicked on Troubleshoot a new window opened "Detecting activation problems". After maybe half a minute the windows showed "We've activated this copy of Windows" and now all is ok on all PCs.


charging - Battery only charges when Laptop is off

My laptop only charges when it is off. If I try to charge it when it is on it says "plugged in, not charging". I just got it 3months ago and I've not changed its battery or charger.
My Laptop is an Hp Notebook 15 PC.

linux - Ubuntu on Apple hardware (early 2011 MacBook Pro)

This isn't so much a "how do I install Linux on Apple hardware" question, but rather a "could this do any sort of damage" one.


I've heard a few people speak of "burning out" the Apple hardware by installing a non-Apple operating system on the computer. In specific, I've heard it has to do with OS X and the way it manages CPU voltages via the SMC, and how a non-Apple OS does not interact with the SMC in a similar way, which in turn puts the CPU under too much load for too long a time, and burns it out.


I've done some research online, and haven't heard any mention of this being possible, but I'm curious if anyone has any experience in killing a Mac by installing Linux (specifically Ubuntu, or Fedora).


tl;dr – can installing Linux bare-metal on my MacBook Pro (early 2011, i7 13") have any ill effects on my hardware?

windows - How to copy only new files AND only those that are modified after a certain date?



I would like to copy files from one drive to another, but I only want to copy source files that are newer than the destination file. BUT, I also want to only copy source files that have been changed after a certain date.




I know I can use xcopy to do either one of these things, but I would like to do both at the same time.



So for example, I want to copy all source files dated on or after 3/1/2013, but in addition I only want the file copied if the source file is newer than the destination. So ideally I would like to do something like this:



xcopy c:\*.* e:\*.* /D:03-01-2013


combined with something like this:




xcopy c:\*.* e:\*.* /D


Can this be done with xcopy or Robocopy?


Answer



This will probably get you what you want:



Robocopy c:\ e:\ *.* /MAXAGE:20130301 /XO /E



Add the /L command to this to see what it will do without it actually doing it first just to make sure.



Check here for more information on Robocopy's options.


windows - CMD: Append to path without duplicating it?


For one CMD session I can easily set a new path: SET PATH=%PATH%;"insert custom path here"


Doing so in a batch file does not consider whether the custom path is already included. How do I avoid duplicating it (i.e. check whether it is already contained in the PATH "string").


Remarks:



  1. Related: How do I append user-defined environment variables to the system variable PATH in Windows 7?

  2. Related: How can I permanently append an entry into the system's PATH variable, via command line?

  3. Same question for UNIX: Add directory to $PATH if it's not already there

  4. Some "CMD" String ops explained: http://ss64.com/nt/syntax-replace.html


Answer



Similar to MaddHackers answer, just more compact.
echo %path%|find /i "%np%">nul || set path=%path%;%np%


%np% is your new path, of course you can use literals instead.
What it does: echo %path%|find /i "%np%">nul searches existing path for a string, discarding output. || means execute on failure, so it means:
Search path for string to be added, and if not found, add it.


Edit: Generally it's not required to quote paths, even those containig spaces, but if you do want to quote them, this version will work with double quoted paths:
echo %path%|find /i "%np:"=%">nul || set path=%path%;%np%


Edit: changed findstr /i /c: to find /i as findstr may misinterpret some sequences as noted by KubaOber in comments


Friday, January 20, 2017

boot - Windows 10 burn iso not creating bootable CD?


Having read several guide about creating bootable media with Windows10's native tools I'm having a problem that I can't find reference to anywhere.


When I burn an iso to disk in windows 10 it's just copying an iso file to the CD, it's not expanding it and creating a bootable disk. Have tried a couple different iso files with the same result.


How do I get it to stop just copying the iso and actually do what all the guides describe?


TIA


Answer



ISO file is just a regular file, just like TXT or JPG or EXE files. You're burning the file on a CD/DVD, which makes sense in case of TXTs and JPGs and EXEs, but not in case of disk images where you actually want to burn disc image's content, not the file itself.


To burn the ISO image properly, right-click it and select Burn disc image.


home networking - How to configure an ADSL Base Station as modem only



I have the ADSL modem Philips CPWBS154 that was recommended by my ISP. It comes pre-configured as a all-in-one solution: it is an ADSL modem but also a Firewall, a DHCP server, a WiFi access point,...




I want to add an Airport Extreme (802.11n) that should bring me "N" support, disk sharing and also dual network (private and guest).



To be able to benefit from the dual network management, the Airport Extreme should act as the DHCP server. But if I configure it that way, it complains about "Double NAT" configuration. So, at least I should disable the NAT of the modem.



What is the recommended configuration:




  • How should I configure both devices to get internet access without NAT on the modem?

  • What services should I keep active on the modem ? (Firewall, Mac address filter,...)


  • Which devices should connect using PPPoE?


Answer



Basically this comes down to a question of how hands-on you like to be with your devices.



In most home-networking configurations I've had my hands on, the modem is a simple one-port device, so the router got the task of supplying network connectivity to the computers in the household. The modem did PPPoE, the router did everything else -- DHCP, NAT/Firewall, DNS, etc.



There are the odd ducks that have had nice featureful modems, and the decision was made to keep them enabled for most networking services, but add the other router as an AP to extend the wireless range. It's got some advantages, but there are lots of gotchas.



You've got the choice:




Simple:




  • Turn off all features of the modem (set it to Bridge mode) OR leave DHCP and PPPoE ON, but make sure the WiFi is OFF, and only connect it to the Airport. (Leaving the modem's DHCP will work because the Airport is the only thing that will connect to it.)

  • Connect ethernet wire from the modem into the WAN port on the Airport Extreme.

  • Configure the Airport to handle everything else (if the modem has a Bridge mode and you're using it, this includes PPPoE). If you didn't turn on Bridge mode, you need to make sure the Airport gets a WAN address through DHCP (that's from your modem), and set its LAN address to static 192.168.whatever.1.

  • In this configuration, the Airport is the gateway for all your networked devices.

  • Pros: one box to administer once you get everything working.

  • Cons: no range benefit on the wifi from having two devices.




Complicated: most anything else.




  • Leave the firewalling and PPPoE to the modem; set the modem to a static internal address (it's your gateway, so 192.168.whatever.1 is appropriate).

  • Set the Airport to a static address of 192.168.whatever.2; it will be your DHCP/DNS server.

  • Turn OFF the modem's DHCP and DNS functions. Turn the Airport's DHCP and DNS functions ON. Make sure its DHCP server won't give out the .1 and .2 addresses to clients (maybe set it to start at .50, or .100).

  • Leave both WiFis ON, but configure them as desired (you could use encryption on the Airport for your "private" network, and leave the modem open-access for a "public" network if you like). Make sure the channels are different by 3-5.

  • Connect the Airport to the modem with a (long) ethernet cable, and put it ... wherever. The other side of the house, for best WiFi range everywhere in your home. Near the stereo, if you have a network-enabled PVR or HTPC and need a nearby ethernet port.



  • Pros: lots of flexibility here. you can adjust for range, to accommodate specific devices, whatever you like.


  • Cons: you are the network administrator, and this stuff can get complicated.



Take your time, read other home-networking questions on this site and others, list out what you need from your network and map out your design. (Edit: here's a good question from someone with a network design in mind and specific goals he's trying to accomplish -- take a look.)



Remember the basics of network troubleshooting: Does machine A have a network connection (check cable or wifi status)? Does it have the expected network address (ipconfig/ifconfig)? Can it see the router (ping)? Can it see machine B (ping)? Can machine B see it (ping, from machine B)? Can it see the gateway (ping)? Does DNS work (nslookup)? Can it see the internet (http://google.com/)?


My Windows 7 Product Key does not match with my current windows version

let me explain



Since I'd heard that Windows 10 was coming for free, I been crazy waiting for the notification to appear on my task bar, but nothing would happen. Two months ago I was surprised with a "your windows is not genuine " notification. I was bummed, I couldn't believe it. Today I got the Windows 10 notification, but when doing the installing I forgot that I didn't have a product key since the pc did not brought one, but I finally found it in a sticker attached to the computer. Surprisingly my key was rejected. Now the sticker says is a product key for Windows 7 Home Premium, the windows version I have installed is Windows 7 Professional.



How do I solve this? I have no CD installation for windows 7 home premium.



What are my options and what can I do?

hard drive - Unusual disk use on Windows 8.1 100% disk usage ONLY when running particular programs


by opening the task manager I found out this weird thing happening:


The disk usage spikes to 95-100% when I am running programs such as C-Cleaner, or Avast.
Sometimes it shows a regular pattern: it peaks at 75% and then after 5 seconds it jumps to 100%, then again at 75%, then 100% and so on periodically.


If I am not using either of the programs above, it goes down to 10% as it should be


Now, everything else seems to run at normal speed when the above things happens, I can normally and, hopefully, safely run other applications while this thing is happening.


Can someone explain me why this is happening? It has never happened before I believe...


I am wondering if this could be the same problem shown here:


Windows 8.1 100% disk usage
Windows 8.1 Update 1 Disk Usage 100%


Answer



This is quite normal unless you have an SSD or you are experiencing slow downs.
Avast! is an antivirus and most antiviruses do background scanning which causes the heavy disk usage.
CCleaner also needs to analyze a huge number of files and folders to figure out which ones to clean.


You may see the same behaviors when you launch a game or when it is loading.
If you don't have an SSD, 100% disk usage is likely to occur every time you start these kinds of apps.


Thursday, January 19, 2017

Installing SSD in IDE vs ODD Dell XPS L502x


I have Dell XPS L502x and planning to install 240GB SSD.


There could be two options


1--> Replace the internal 750GB HDD with 240GB SSD and install HDD in Optical Disk Drive via Caddy.
2--> Keep the internal HDD as its location and install the SSD in Optical Disk Drive via Caddy.


which could be the best option considering performance of SSD.


AFAIK Internal HDD operates over SATA interface where as ODD (Optical Disk Drive) operates over IDE. First one is much faster than IDE.


What do you suggest?


I want to keep OS and installed programs on SSD.


Finally I installed Samsung 830 at Native SATA III Port by replacing existing HDD


Answer



I found your old thread on this from 3 years ago.


SSD and HDD at same time in Dell XPS L502X


The link you posted in the original question explains that your main hard drive slot is SATA3 6gb/s, while your optical bay and eSata port is SATA2 3gb/s. Therefore, depending on the ssd drive you buy, if you put it into the optical bay, you may not be able to reap the benefits of its maximum speeds. Did you over look the information that you posted or are you just unfamiliar with sata speeds...?


FYI:
http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/minisite/SSD/global/html/whitepaper/whitepaper02.html


hard drive - Leaving bad sectors in unformatted partition?

Laptop was acting really weird, and copy and seek times were really slow, so I decided to scan the hard drive surface. I have a couple hundr...