I read the Google style guide for R. For "Assignment", they say:
Use <-, not =, for assignment.
GOOD:
x <- 5
BAD:
x = 5
Can you tell me what the difference is between these two methods of assignment, and why one is to be preferred over the other?
Answer
I believe there are two reasons. One is that <-
and =
have slightly different meanings depending on context. For example, compare the behavior of the statements:
printx <- function(x) print(x)
printx(x="hello")
printx(x<-"hello")
In the second case, printx(x<-"hello")
will also assign to the parent scope, whereas printx(x="hello") will only set the parameter.
The other reason is for historical purposes. Both R, S and the "APL" languages they were based on only allowed arrow key for assignment (which historically was only one character). Ref: http://blog.revolutionanalytics.com/2008/12/use-equals-or-arrow-for-assignment.html
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